Kwihlabathi lanamhlanje elinemizi-mveliso, ukujonga umgangatho womoya kuye kwabaluleka kakhulu njengoko ungcoliseko lomoya lubeka isoyikiso esibalulekileyo kwimpilo yabantu. Ukubeka iliso ngempumelelo kunye nokuphucula umgangatho womoya, iingcali zihlalutya izikhombisi eziphambili ezihlanu:ikharbon diokside (CO2),ubushushu kunye nokufuma,iikhompawundi eziphilayo eziguquguqukayo (VOCs),i-formaldehyde, kwayeinto ethile (PM). Eli nqaku liphonononga iimpembelelo zabo kumgangatho womoya kunye nempilo yoluntu ngelixa libonelela ngezicwangciso zokunciphisa ungcoliseko kunye nokuphucula iimeko zokusingqongileyo.
1.ICarbon Dioxide (CO2)– Ikrele Elintlangothi-mbini
Isishwankathelo:
I-CO2 yirhasi engenambala, engenavumba ngokwendalo ekhoyo kwindalo esingqongileyo. Imithombo yayo isusela kumlilo wefosili kunye neenkqubo zemizi-mveliso ukuya ekuphefumleni komntu kunye nezilwanyana. Kwiindawo ezivaliweyo zangaphakathi, ugxininiso lweCO2 luhlala luphakama ngenxa yokunqongophala komoya kunye nokuhlala okuphezulu.
Ukubaluleka:
Ngelixa amanqanaba asezantsi e-CO2 engenabungozi, ukugxila kakhulu kunokususa ioksijini kwaye kukhokelela kwiimpawu ezinjengentloko ebuhlungu, ukudinwa, kunye nokungajongi kakuhle. Njengerhasi ye-greenhouse, i-CO2 inegalelo ekufudumaleni kwehlabathi, ukwandisa utshintsho lwemozulu kunye neziganeko zemozulu ezimbi. Ukulawula amanqanaba e-CO2 kunceda zombini impilo yabantu kunye nokusingqongileyo.
2.Ubushushu kunye nokufuma– AbaLawuli beNdalo kwiMpilo
Isishwankathelo:
Ubushushu bubonakalisa ubushushu bomoya, ngelixa ukufuma kulinganisa ukufuma. Zombini zichaphazela kakhulu intuthuzelo yangaphakathi kunye nomgangatho womoya.
Ukubaluleka:
Amanqanaba afanelekileyo obushushu kunye nokufuma axhasa imisebenzi yomzimba, efana nokulawula ubushushu kunye nokuphefumla. Nangona kunjalo, ukugqithisa kunokukhokelela kwimiba yezempilo efana ne-heatstroke okanye usulelo lokuphefumla. Ukongeza, amaqondo obushushu aphezulu kunye nokufuma kwenza kube lula ukukhutshwa kwezinto ezinobungozi njenge-formaldehyde, okonyusa umngcipheko wongcoliseko lomoya. Ukugcina ubushushu obufanelekileyo kunye nokufuma kubalulekile ekuthomeni nasekunciphiseni ungcoliseko.
3.IiCompounds eziVolatile Organic (VOCs)-Izingcolisi ezifihlakeleyo ngaphakathi
Isishwankathelo:
Ii-VOCs ziikhemikhali ezisekwe kwikhabhoni, kuquka ibenzene kunye netoluene, ezihlala zikhutshwa kwipeyinti, ifenitshala, kunye nezinto zokwakha. Ukuguquguquka kwabo kubavumela ukuba basasazeke ngokulula emoyeni wangaphakathi.
Ukubaluleka:
Ukuvezwa ixesha elide kwii-VOC kunokubangela intloko ebuhlungu, isicaphucaphu, ukonakala kwesibindi kunye nezintso, ukuphazamiseka kwemithambo-luvo, kunye nomhlaza. Ukulawula ukugxila kwe-VOC kubalulekile ekukhuseleni impilo yabahlali kunye nokuphucula umgangatho womoya wangaphakathi.
4.I-Formaldehyde (HCHO)– Isisongelo esingabonakaliyo
Isishwankathelo:
Iformaldehyde, igesi engenambala nevumba elibi, idla ngokufumaneka kwizinto zokwakha, ifenitshala, nezinto zokuncamathelisa. Yeyona nto ingcolisa umoya ngaphakathi endlini ngenxa yeempawu zayo eziyityhefu kunye ne-carcinogenic.
Ukubaluleka:
Nokuba iqondo eliphantsi, i-formaldehyde inokucaphukisa amehlo, impumlo, kunye nomqala, okukhokelela ekungakhululeki kunye nezifo zokuphefumla. Ukubeka iliso kunye nokunciphisa amanqanaba e-formaldehyde kubalulekile ekuqinisekiseni iindawo ezikhuselekileyo zangaphakathi.
5.Umba ocacileyo (PM)– Isingcolisi soMoya esiKhokeleyo
Isishwankathelo:
I-particle matter, kubandakanywa i-PM10 kunye ne-PM2.5, ibandakanya amasuntswana aqinileyo okanye angamalwelo amisiweyo emoyeni. Imithombo ibandakanya ukukhutshwa kwemizi-mveliso, ukukhupha izithuthi, kunye nemisebenzi yokwakha.
Ukubaluleka:
I-PM, ngakumbi i-PM2.5, inokungena ngokunzulu kwimiphunga kunye negazi, ibangele imiba yokuphefumula, izifo zentliziyo, kunye nomhlaza. Ukunciphisa amanqanaba e-PM kubalulekile ekukhuselweni kwempilo kunye nokuphucula ukubonakala kwiindawo zasezidolophini.
Ukubaluleka kokuHlolwa koMgangatho woMoya
01,Ukukhusela impilo:Ukubeka iliso kuchonga amanqanaba ongcoliseko, okwenza ungenelelo ngexesha lokunciphisa iingozi zempilo.
02,Ulawulo loNgcoliseko oluKhokelayo:Idatha ixhasa izenzo ekujoliswe kuzo, ezifana nokwamkela amandla acocekileyo kunye nokuphucula imimiselo yokusingqongileyo.
03,Ukuqhubela phambili uphando:Ukubeka iliso kubonelela ngedatha yokufunda iipateni zongcoliseko, ukuphucula ubugcisa bokunciphisa, kunye nemigaqo-nkqubo yokwazisa.
04,Ukukhuthaza uPhuhliso oluZinzileyo:Umoya ococekileyo uphucula ukuphila kwabantu ezidolophini, utsala italente notyalo-mali ngelixa ukhulisa uqoqosho.
Amanyathelo amahlanu aPhambili oPhucula uMgangatho woMoya
01,Nciphisa ukukhutshwa kweCO2:
- Ukutshintshela kwimithombo yamandla ahlaziyekayo njengelanga nomoya.
- Ukuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle kwamandla kwimveliso kunye nokusetyenziswa kwemihla ngemihla.
- Ukwamkela iinkqubo zoqoqosho ezijikelezayo ukuze kuncitshiswe inkcitho yezibonelelo.
02,Lawula iqondo lobushushu kunye nokufuma:
- Sebenzisa i-air conditioning kunye ne-dehumidifiers ukugcina amanqanaba afanelekileyo.
- Ukuphucula uyilo lwesakhiwo sokungenisa umoya wendalo.
03,Amanqanaba asezantsi eVOC kunye neFormaldehyde:
- Khetha izinto eziphantsi ze-VOC ngexesha lokwakhiwa nokulungiswa.
- Yandisa ukungena komoya okanye sebenzisa izicoci zomoya ukunciphisa ukufumba ngaphakathi.
05,Nciphisa uMba oNcinci:
- Sebenzisa ubugcisa bokutsha obucocekileyo.
- Ukulawula uthuli kwindawo yokwakha kunye nokukhutshwa kweendlela.
06,UkuJonga uMgangatho woMoya rhoqo:
- Sebenzisa izixhobo zokubeka iliso ukubona izinto ezinobungozi ngokukhawuleza.
- Khuthaza intatho-nxaxheba yoluntu ekugcineni umoya osempilweni kwiindawo ekwabelwana ngazo.
Amanyathelo amahlanu aPhambili oPhucula uMgangatho woMoya
Ukuphucula umgangatho womoya kufuna iinzame ezihlangeneyo, ukusuka ekubekeni iliso kwizinto ezingcolisa umoya ukuya ekwamkeleni izenzo ezizinzileyo. Umoya ococekileyo awukhuseli impilo yoluntu kuphela kodwa ukwakhuthaza ulungelelwaniso lwendalo kunye nenkqubela phambili yezoqoqosho yexesha elide.
Ixesha lokuposa: Jan-22-2025