Iingenelo zokunciphisa iingxaki ze-IAQ

Iziphumo zeMpilo

Iimpawu ezinxulumene ne-IAQ embi ziyahluka ngokuxhomekeke kuhlobo longcoliseko. Zinokuphoswa lula njengeempawu zezinye izifo ezifana ne-allergies, uxinzelelo, umkhuhlane, kunye ne-influenza. Isikhokelo esiqhelekileyo kukuba abantu baziva begula ngelixa bengaphakathi kwisakhiwo, kwaye iimpawu ziyaphela emva nje kokuphuma kwisakhiwo, okanye xa bengekho kwisakhiwo ixesha elithile (njengakwiimpelaveki okanye kwiiholide). Uphando lwempilo okanye lweempawu, olufana nolu lufakwe kwiSihlomelo D, lusetyenzisiwe ukunceda ukuqinisekisa ukuba kukho iingxaki ze-IAQ. Ukungaphumeleli kwabanini bezakhiwo kunye nabaqhubi ukusabela ngokukhawuleza nangokufanelekileyo kwiingxaki ze-IAQ kunokukhokelela kwimiphumo emibi emininzi kwimpilo. Iziphumo zempilo ezivela kungcoliseko lomoya wangaphakathi zinokufunyanwa kungekudala emva kokuvezwa okanye, mhlawumbi, emva kweminyaka (8, 9, 10). Iimpawu zinokubandakanya ukurhawuzelelwa kwamehlo, impumlo, nomqala; iintloko ezibuhlungu; isiyezi; amaqhuqhuva; kunye nentlungu yemisipha kunye nokudinwa (11, 12, 13, 14). Izifo ezinxulumene ne-IAQ embi ziquka i-asthma kunye ne-hypersensitivity pneumonitis (11, 13). Ungcoliseko oluthile, ubungakanani bokuchaphazeleka, kunye nokuphindaphindeka kunye nobude bokuchaphazeleka zonke zizinto ezibalulekileyo kuhlobo kunye nobukhali bemiphumo yempilo ebangelwa yi-IAQ embi. Ubudala kunye neemeko zempilo esele zikhona ezifana ne-asthma kunye ne-allergies nazo zinokuchaphazela ubukhali bemiphumo. Iziphumo zexesha elide ezibangelwa kukungcoliseka komoya ngaphakathi zingabandakanya izifo zokuphefumla, isifo sentliziyo, kunye nomhlaza, zonke ezinokuba yingozi kakhulu okanye zibulale (8, 11, 13).

 

Uphando luye lwadibanisa ukufuma kwezakhiwo nemiphumo ebalulekileyo kwimpilo. Iintlobo ezininzi zeebhaktheriya kunye nefungi, ngakumbi ifungi e-filamentous (isikhunta), zinokuba negalelo elikhulu ekungcoliseni umoya wangaphakathi (4, 15-20). Nanini na xa kukho ukufuma okwaneleyo kwiindawo zokusebenza, ezi ntsholongwane zinokukhula kwaye zichaphazele impilo yabasebenzi ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo. Abasebenzi banokuba neempawu zokuphefumla, i-allergies, okanye i-asthma (8). I-asthma, ukukhohlela, ukuphefumla kancinci, ukuxinana kwe-sinus, ukuthimla, ukuxinana kwempumlo, kunye ne-sinusitis zonke ziye zanxulunyaniswa nokufuma kwangaphakathi kwizifundo ezininzi (21-23). ​​I-asthma ibangelwa kwaye yenziwa mandundu kukufuma kwizakhiwo. Eyona ndlela isebenzayo yokuthintela okanye yokunciphisa iziphumo ezibi zempilo kukufumanisa imithombo yokufuma okuqhubekayo kwindawo yokusebenza kunye nokuzisusa. Iinkcukacha ezithe vetshe malunga nokuthintela iingxaki ezinxulumene nesikhunta zingafumaneka kwimpapasho ye-OSHA enesihloko esithi: “Ukuthintela Iingxaki Ezinxulumene Nesikhunta Kwindawo Yokusebenza Yangaphakathi” (17). Ezinye izinto ezingqongileyo ezifana nokukhanya okungekho mhle, uxinzelelo, ingxolo, kunye nokungonwabi kobushushu kunokubangela okanye kufake isandla kwezi ziphumo zempilo (8).

Ukusuka kwi-"Indoor Air Quality in Commercial and Institutional Buildings," ngo-Epreli 2011, Ulawulo loKhuseleko lwezeMisebenzi kunye nezeMpilo e-US Department of Labor