Isishwankathelo
Uninzi lwabantu luyaqonda ukuba ungcoliseko lomoya wangaphandle lunokuyichaphazela impilo yabo, kodwa ungcoliseko lomoya wangaphakathi lunokuba neziphumo ezibalulekileyo neziyingozi empilweni.Izifundo ze-EPA zokuvezwa kwabantu kwizinto ezingcolisa umoya zibonisa ukuba amanqanaba angaphakathi okungcola anokuba ngamaxesha amabini ukuya kwahlanu - kwaye ngamanye amaxesha ngaphezu kwamaxesha e-100 - aphezulu kunamanqanaba angaphandle. Iipesenti ezingama-90 zexesha labo bengaphakathi.Ngenjongo yesi sikhokelo, inkcazo yomgangatho womoya olungileyo wangaphakathi (IAQ) ulawulo lubandakanya:
- Ukulawulwa kwezinto ezingcolisa umoya;
- Intshayelelo kunye nokuhanjiswa komoya owaneleyo wangaphandle;kwaye
- Ukugcinwa kobushushu obamkelekileyo kunye nokufuma okuhambelanayo
Iqondo lobushushu kunye nokufuma akunakungahoywa, kuba inkxalabo yobushushu bobushushu iphantsi kwezikhalazo ezininzi malunga "nomgangatho ophantsi womoya."Ngaphaya koko, ubushushu kunye nokufuma ziphakathi kwezinto ezininzi ezichaphazela amanqanaba ongcoliseko angaphakathi.
Imithombo yangaphandle kufuneka kwakhona ithathelwe ingqalelo njengoko umoya wangaphandle ungena kwizakhiwo zesikolo ngeefestile, iingcango kunye neenkqubo zokungenisa umoya.Ke ngoko, imisebenzi yezothutho kunye nokugcinwa kwemihlaba iba yimiba echaphazela amanqanaba ongcoliseko lwangaphakathi kunye nomgangatho womoya wangaphandle kumabala esikolo.
Kutheni i-IAQ ibalulekile?
Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, izifundo zophononongo zomngcipheko othelekisayo ezenziwe yiBhodi yeeNgcebiso zeNzululwazi ye-EPA (SAB) ziye zahlala zibeka ungcoliseko lomoya wangaphakathi phakathi kwemingcipheko emihlanu ephezulu yokusingqongileyo kwimpilo yoluntu.I-IAQ elungileyo licandelo elibalulekileyo lemekobume esempilweni yangaphakathi, kwaye inokunceda izikolo zifikelele injongo yazo ephambili yokufundisa abantwana.
Ukungaphumeleli ukuthintela okanye ukuphendula ngokukhawuleza kwiingxaki ze-IAQ kunokunyusa imiphumo yezempilo yexesha elide kunye neyexesha elifutshane kubafundi nabasebenzi, njengale:
- Ukukhohlela;
- Ukucaphuka kwamehlo;
- Intloko ebuhlungu;
- Ukwaliwa;
- Ukwandisa i-asthma kunye / okanye ezinye izifo zokuphefumla;kwaye
- Kwiimeko ezinqabileyo, igalelo kwiimeko ezisongela ubomi ezifana nesifo se-Legionnaire okanye i-carbon monoxide poisoning.
Phantse umntwana om-1 kwabali-13 abakubudala bokuhamba isikolo unesifo sombefu, esingoyena nobangela uphambili wokungayi esikolweni ngenxa yesigulo esingapheliyo.Kukho ubungqina obuninzi bokuba ukuvezwa kwemekobume yangaphakathi kwimiphunga (ezifana nezinambuzane zothuli, izinambuzane, kunye nokungunda) kudlala indima ekuqaliseni iimpawu ze-asthma.Ezi zifo zixhaphakileyo ezikolweni.Kukho nobungqina bokuba ukuvezwa kombhobho we-diesel kwiibhasi zesikolo kunye nezinye izithuthi kwandisa i-asthma kunye ne-allergies.Ezi ngxaki zinoku:
- Ukuchaphazeleka kokuzimasa kwabafundi, intuthuzelo, kunye nokusebenza;
- Ukunciphisa intsebenzo katitshala nabasebenzi;
- Ukukhawulezisa ukuwohloka nokunciphisa ukusebenza kakuhle kweplanti nezixhobo zesikolo;
- Ukwandisa amathuba okuvalwa kwezikolo okanye ukufuduswa kwabahlali;
- Ukuxhatshazwa kobudlelwane phakathi kwabalawuli besikolo, abazali nabasebenzi;
- Yenza upapasho olubi;
- Ukuthenjwa koluntu;kwaye
- Yenza iingxaki zetyala.
Iingxaki zomoya wangaphakathi zinobuqili kwaye azisoloko zivelisa iimpembelelo ezibonwa ngokulula kwimpilo, kwintlalontle, okanye kwisityalo somzimba.Iimpawu ziquka intloko ebuhlungu, ukudinwa, ukuphefumla nzima, ukuxinana kwe sinus, ukukhohlela, ukuthimla, isiyezi, isicaphucaphu, nokucaphuka kwamehlo, impumlo, umqala kunye nolusu.Iimpawu azinakuba ngenxa yokusilela komgangatho womoya, kodwa zinokubangelwa zezinye izinto, ezinjengokukhanya okungekuhle, uxinzelelo, ingxolo nokunye.Ngenxa yokwahluka kobuntununtunu phakathi kwabafundi abasesikolweni, iingxaki ze-IAQ zinokuchaphazela iqela labantu okanye umntu omnye kwaye zinokuchaphazela umntu ngamnye ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo.
Abantu abanokuthi bachaphazeleke ngakumbi kwiziphumo zongcoliseko lomoya wangaphakathi babandakanya, kodwa abapheleli kubo, abantu abane:
- I-asthma, i-allergies, okanye i-chemical sensitivities;
- Izifo zokuphefumla;
- Ukucinezelwa kwamajoni omzimba (ngenxa yemitha, ichemotherapy, okanye isifo);kwaye
- Iilensi zokujonga.
Amaqela athile abantu anokuba sesichengeni sokuvezwa kungcoliso oluthile okanye imixube engcolisayo.Umzekelo, abantu abanesifo sentliziyo banokuchaphazeleka kakhulu kukuvezwa kwicarbon monoxide kunabantu abasempilweni.Abantu abasesichengeni samanqanaba abalulekileyo enitrogen dioxide bakwasemngciphekweni omkhulu wosulelo lokuphefumla.
Ukongeza, imizimba ekhulayo yabantwana inokuba sesichengeni sokuchaneka kwendalo kunaleyo yabantu abadala.Abantwana baphefumla umoya omninzi, batya ukutya okuninzi kwaye basele ulwelo oluninzi ngokobunzima bomzimba wabo kunabantu abadala.Ngoko ke, umgangatho womoya ezikolweni uxhalabisa ngokukodwa.Ukugcinwa ngokufanelekileyo komoya wangaphakathi kungaphezulu komcimbi "womgangatho";ibandakanya ukhuseleko kunye nobugosa kutyalo-mali lwakho kubafundi, abasebenzi kunye nezibonelelo.
Ukuze ufumane inkcazelo engakumbi, bonaUmgangatho woMoya wangaphakathi.
Iimbekiselo
1. UWallace, uLance A., et al.Indlela yoVavanyo lokuSebenza lulonke (IQela) Uphononongo: Ukutyhileka kobuqu, ubudlelwane bangaphakathi nangaphandle, kunye namanqanaba okuphefumla eekhompawundi eziguquguqukayo zezinto eziphilayo eNew Jersey.Engqonge.Int.1986,12, 369-387.https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/0160412086900516
Ivela https://www.epa.gov/iaq-schools/why-indoor-air-quality-important-schools
Ixesha lokuposa: Sep-15-2022